Does Salicylic Acid Work on Acne? The Effects and Risks

What is Salicylic Acid?

Salicylic acid is one of the acids classified as beta hydroxy acids (BHA). It is used as a preservative in cosmetics. It also has the effect of exfoliating the skin and keeping pores clear. For this reason, it is sometimes used in acne medications prescribed by dermatologists.

When used in the right concentrations, it can be effective against mild acne (blackheads and whiteheads). It is also said to be suitable for not only treating but also preventing acne and pimples.

Why Salicylic Acid Works on Acne

When old dead skin cells and sebum get clogged in the pores, it can cause the following skin problems:

• Darkening
• Open pores
• Vitiligo (clogged pores)
• Pimples

Salicylic acid penetrates the skin and dissolves dead skin cells that clog pores. This is known as a peeling effect. It may take several weeks to feel the full effect, but it is said that most people will notice a change within six weeks.

However, in Japan, the maximum concentration allowed in cosmetics is 0.2%. Generally, a peeling effect can be expected at a concentration of 0.5% or more. Therefore, even if commercially available cosmetics contain salicylic acid, you may not be able to feel any peeling effect.

If you want to try salicylic acid to treat acne, you'll likely need to get it prescribed by a dermatologist.

How to use salicylic acid correctly

If you want to cure acne, it is not enough to apply a lot of high-concentration salicylic acid to your skin. Depending on the concentration and item, you need to use it appropriately, as in the examples below.

• 2-7% gel: once a day
• If using a 2% lotion, use it 1 to 3 times a day.
• Use the 3% ointment only when necessary

Use prescribed acne medications properly and as directed by your dermatologist.

Concerning risks of salicylic acid

Salicylic acid seems to have beneficial effects on acne-prone skin, but it doesn't just have benefits.

Hormonal action

In Denmark, salicylic acid is registered as an endocrine disruptor , meaning it may affect hormone balance.

The EU is also investigating the endocrine disrupting effects of salicylic acid, which has been found to meet the WHO definition of an endocrine disruptor and may lead to harmful effects.

Skin irritation

Salicylic acid is generally considered safe, but it can be irritating to the skin when you first start using it, and because it removes excess sebum, it can also cause dry skin and rashes.

Discontinue use or consult a dermatologist if you experience any of the following symptoms:

• Tingling or tingling sensation on the skin
• itch
• Peeling of the skin
• Hives
• eczema

Severe eye irritation

According to the EU assessment , salicylic acid is a strong eye irritant and can cause serious damage if it comes into contact with the eyes, so care should be taken to avoid contact with the eyes when using the product.

Not suitable for use by children

The EU prohibits the use of salicylic acid in cosmetics intended for children under the age of 3. In Japan, there are no age-specific restrictions, but it is best to avoid using it on children.

Is it safe to use during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

In general, there is no problem if you apply it to parts of the body. It is also said that there is a low possibility that salicylic acid will penetrate into breast milk. However, it is pointed out that it should not be used on areas that come into contact with an infant's skin or mouth.

Salicylic acid is attractive for people who suffer from acne and clogged pores. If you use it, you should be aware of its advantages and disadvantages and use it correctly.